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The cinema is still a popular destination, despite competition from other media industries and platforms
Film is a huge, global industry generating massive sums of money each year. Films themselves can be divided into different categories and defined according to:
| Category | Description |
|---|---|
| Genre | Comedy, Thriller, Horror, Action, Fantasy etc. |
| Actors | Some actors are recognisable to a specific audience. For example, Jason Statham to an Action fan or Adam Sandler to a Comedy fan. |
| Production companies | Major Hollywood studios (Universal, Paramount, Warner Bros, 20th Century Fox and Sony amongst others) and Independent ones (Film Four, BBC Films, Warp Films etc.) |
| Production values | Is it big budget or low budget? |
| Certification | What age group is the film appropriate for? |
There are two main production contexts in the film industry:
- Studio : mainstream films with big budgets made by major Hollywood studios. Studio films have high production values and star actors. Examples of this might be The Hunger Games series, Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice or a James Bond film like Spectre.
- Independent : films with smaller budgets and sometimes as a result, lower production values. They are less likely to have so called A-list actors. Examples might be Juno , Birdman or Brooklyn.
Studio films
Hollywood studios dominate the film market
This is the industry model for a 'Hollywood' or 'Blockbuster' movie. They are usually made by big Hollywood studios and follow a formula:
- Obvious characters, usually stereotypical , such as the action-hero.
- An easy-to-follow narrative with universal themes , which can be described in one sentence and can be used as a tagline to promote the film.
- High production values, expensive costumes and locations. These films often use special effects and/or CGI .
- The film may be promoted and marketed via merchandise such as tie-in deals with food chains. In some instances, pop stars will produce songs for the soundtrack which will help market the film to a wider audience.
- High profile celebrity actors. These actors can often be related to the film genre, such as Jason Statham in the action movie genre.
- The main roles in the film are 'larger than life' characters rather than ordinary or real people.
- The visual appeal of events or situations you would not see in everyday life, such as explosions, car chases, fantasy worlds and historical settings.
- High drama and exciting, easy to understand plots.
These films are usually distributed by the studios that make them. The studios are often multinational media conglomerates that own companies across a range of various media platforms.
This means that these conglomerates can use all the companies they own to promote and market a film.
This use of all a media conglomerate's companies to produce, promote, market, and distribute a film and its official merchandise is called vertical integration .
Horizontal integration is when a conglomerate uses smaller independent companies to help with marketing, distribution or even the exhibition of a film.
Source: https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/z9hrwxs/revision/1
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